Psychological abuse – Wikipedia

Psychological abuse, often called emotional abuse, is a form of abuse, characterized by a person subjecting or exposing another person to behavior that may …
 

What Is Emotional Abuse?

Emotional abuse involves efforts to control and manipulate through a number of abusive tactics. Learn how to identify and deal with emotional abuse.
 

64 Signs of Mental and Emotional Abuse: How to Identify It, What to Do

Psychological abuse involves a person’s attempts to frighten, control, or isolate you. It’s in the abuser’s words and actions, as well as their persistence in these …

It is articles like the one below that helped me to understand what was going on. There is more above!

The symptoms below I experienced, especially the extreme fear and loss of trust in all people. I felt objectified and humiliated within the property I lived and worked in for almost 4 years not only by Toxic Adult Bullies but also by the property owners and some other tenants living there.

I sat in the office many days and had to listen to tenants talking about me in the Lobby, some even came to me in the office to tell me all the many things being said within the building by Toxic Adult Bullies and others who got on their side for a while.

I was blamed, shamed, and humiliated every which way I turned, online, in person, by email, and by telephone since August 2016 by Toxic Adult Bullies and other people they manipulated and it ramped up online since November 2017 and it still continues today within stellareddy.com, lorriereddy.com, 859kennedyroad.com, davidstrashin.com, and sjtomemberkevinlundy.com.

These sites may not be hosted online at times, but they remain registered for use and their nasty content could return.

I have been called so many names and described in so many nasty ways by Toxic Adult Bullies online and in person. I heard worse that he didn’t put it online!!

What do you think this does to a person’s psyche over such a long time?

that crazy racist

as a bully”

 “under cover white supremacist”

“A White Pride, really bad liar”

“Stella Reddy is that piece of shit” 

“Stella Reddy has no shame,no pride, no self-worth and is so moral corrupt that it is beyond comprehension.”

“White Pride racist bigot”

“Stella Reddy the White Pride narcissist” 

“Stella Reddy has once again and not unsurprisingly been proven as the really, really bad racist liar that she is.”

“And once again Stella Reddy will try and discredit indisputable facts with nonsense, because that is all Stella Reddy can do! But you see Stella Reddy is an under cover White Supremacist because she says things that are racist, but then is not woman enough to own it.”

“Instead Stella Reddy will

  • cry about her PTSD, or
  • her alleged metal breakdown and does not remember what she did or said, or
  • she will blame it on the owners, or
  • she will blame the interracial married couple/tenants for her own choice of words.”

“Stella Reddy is a coward who uses so many different excuses as a crutch because she is not woman enough to take responsibility for what SHE has obviously said and done.”

“Remember racist and bigots like Stella Reddy are always the victim! Because that is what racist Narcissist do.”

“White Pride Karen”

“boo-hoo blog.”

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychological_abuse

Psychological abuse, often called emotional abuse, is a form of abuse, characterized by a person subjecting or exposing another person to behavior that may result in psychological trauma, including anxiety, chronic depression, or post-traumatic stress disorder.[1][2][3] It is often associated with situations of power imbalance in abusive relationships, and may include bullying, gaslighting, and abuse in the workplace.[2][3] It also may be perpetrated by persons conducting torture, other violence, acute or prolonged human rights abuse, particularly without legal redress such as detention without trial, false accusations, false convictions and extreme defamation such as where perpetrated by state and media.

“Emotional abuse is any kind of abuse that is emotional rather than physical in nature. It can include anything from verbal abuse and constant criticism to more subtle tactics such as intimidation, manipulation, and refusal to ever be pleased. Emotional abuse can take many forms. Three general patterns of abusive behavior include aggressing, denying, and minimizing”; “Withholding is another form of denying. Withholding includes refusing to listen, refusing to communicate, and emotionally withdrawing as punishment.”[4] Even though there is no established definition for emotional abuse, emotional abuse can possess a definition beyond verbal and psychological abuse.

Blaming, shaming, and name calling are a few verbally abusive behaviors which can affect a victim emotionally. The victim’s self-worth and emotional well being are altered and even diminished by the verbal abuse, resulting in an emotionally-abused victim.[5]

The victim may experience severe psychological effects. This would involve the tactics of brainwashing, which can fall under psychological abuse as well, but emotional abuse consists of the manipulation of the victim’s emotions. The victim may feel their emotions are being affected by the abuser to such an extent that the victim may no longer recognize their own feelings regarding the issues the abuser is trying to control. The result is the victim’s self-concept and independence are systematically taken away.[6]

Characteristics of abusers

Narcissus (1594-96), a man gazing obsessively into his own reflection.

In their review of data from the Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Study (a longitudinal birth cohort study) Moffitt et al.[32] report that while men exhibit more aggression overall, sex is not a reliable predictor of interpersonal aggression, including psychological aggression. The study found that no matter what gender a person is, aggressive people share a cluster of traits, including high rates of suspicion and jealousy; sudden and drastic mood swings; poor self-control; and higher than average rates of approval of violence and aggression. Moffitt et al. also argue that antisocial men exhibit two distinct types of interpersonal aggression (one against strangers, the other against intimate female partners), while antisocial women are rarely aggressive against anyone other than intimate male partners.

Abusers may aim to avoid household chores or exercise total control of family finances. Abusers can be very manipulative, often recruiting friends, law officers and court officials, and even the victim’s family to their side, while shifting blame to the victim.[33][34]

Effects

Emotional abuse

Most victims of psychological abuse within intimate relationships often experience changes to their psyche and actions. This varies throughout the various types and lengths of emotional abuse. Long-term emotional abuse has long term debilitating effects on a person’s sense of self and integrity.[35] Often, research shows that emotional abuse is a precursor to physical abuse when three particular forms of emotional abuse are present in the relationship: threats, restriction of the abused party and damage to the victim’s property.[36]

Psychological abuse is often not recognized by survivors of domestic violence as abuse. A study of college students by Goldsmith and Freyd report that many who have experienced emotional abuse do not characterize the mistreatment as abusive.[37] Additionally, Goldsmith and Freyd show that these people also tend to exhibit higher than average rates of alexithymia (difficulty identifying and processing their own emotions). This is often the case when referring to victims of abuse within intimate relationships, as non-recognition of the actions as abuse may be a coping or defense mechanism in order to either seek to master, minimize or tolerate stress or conflict.[38][39][40]

Marital or relationship dissatisfaction can be caused by psychological abuse or aggression. In a 2007 study, Laurent et al. report that psychological aggression in young couples is associated with decreased satisfaction for both partners: “psychological aggression may serve as an impediment to couples’ development because it reflects less mature coercive tactics and an inability to balance self/other needs effectively.”[41] In a 2008 study on relationship dissatisfaction in adolescents Walsh and Shulman explain, “The more psychologically aggressive females were, the less satisfied were both partners. The unique importance of males’ behavior was found in the form of withdrawal, a less mature conflict negotiation strategy. Males’ withdrawal during joint discussions predicted increased satisfaction.”[17]

There are many different responses to psychological abuse. Jacobson et al. found that women report markedly higher rates of fear during marital conflicts.[42] However, a rejoinder argued that Jacobson’s results were invalid due to men and women’s drastically differing interpretations of questionnaires.[43] Coker et al. found that the effects of mental abuse were similar whether the victim was male or female.[44] A 1998 study of male college students by Simonelli & Ingram found that men who were emotionally abused by their female partners exhibited higher rates of chronic depression than the general population.[45] Pimlott-Kubiak and Cortina found that severity and duration of abuse were the only accurate predictors of after effects of abuse; sex of perpetrator or victim were not reliable predictors.[46]

In the workplace[

Some studies tend to focus on psychological abuse within the workplace. Namie’s study of workplace emotional abuse found that 31% of women and 21% of men who reported workplace emotional abuse exhibited three key symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (hypervigilance, intrusive imagery, and avoidance behaviors).[30] The most common psychological, professional, financial, and social effects of sexual harassment and retaliation are as follows:

  • Psychological stress and health impairment, loss of motivation.
  • Decreased work or school performance as a result of stressful conditions; increased absenteeism in fear of harassment repetition.
  • Having to drop courses, change academic plans, or leave school (loss of tuition) in fear of harassment repetition or as a result of stress.
  • Being objectified and humiliated by scrutiny and gossip.
  • Loss of trust in environments similar to where the harassment occurred.
  • Loss of trust in the types of people that occupy similar positions as the harasser or their colleagues, especially in cases where they are not supportive, difficulties or stress on peer relationships, or relationships with colleagues.
  • Effects on sexual life and relationships: can put extreme stress upon relationships with significant others, sometimes resulting in divorce.
  • Weakening of support network, or being ostracized from professional or academic circles (friends, colleagues, or family may distance themselves from the victim, or shun him or her altogether).
  • Depression, anxiety or panic attacks.
  • Sleeplessness or nightmares, difficulty concentrating, headaches, fatigue.
  • Eating disorders (weight loss or gain), alcoholism, and feeling powerless or out of control.[51][52][53][54]